如何创建:模态图片库
学习如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 创建模态图片库(灯箱)。
灯箱(模态图片库)
单击其中一张图片可打开灯箱:




×
创建灯箱
下例将模态框(Modals)和幻灯片(Slideshows)的代码结合起来,以创建灯箱效果(lightbox)。
第一步 - 添加 HTML:
<!-- 用于打开灯箱的图像 --> <div class="row"> <div class="column"> <img src="img1.jpg" onclick="openModal();currentSlide(1)" class="hover-shadow"> </div> <div class="column"> <img src="img2.jpg" onclick="openModal();currentSlide(2)" class="hover-shadow"> </div> <div class="column"> <img src="img3.jpg" onclick="openModal();currentSlide(3)" class="hover-shadow"> </div> <div class="column"> <img src="img4.jpg" onclick="openModal();currentSlide(4)" class="hover-shadow"> </div> </div> <!-- 模态框/灯箱 --> <div id="myModal" class="modal"> <span class="close cursor" onclick="closeModal()">×</span> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="mySlides"> <div class="numbertext">1 / 4</div> <img src="img1_wide.jpg" style="width:100%"> </div> <div class="mySlides"> <div class="numbertext">2 / 4</div> <img src="img2_wide.jpg" style="width:100%"> </div> <div class="mySlides"> <div class="numbertext">3 / 4</div> <img src="img3_wide.jpg" style="width:100%"> </div> <div class="mySlides"> <div class="numbertext">4 / 4</div> <img src="img4_wide.jpg" style="width:100%"> </div> <!-- 下一个/上一个控件 --> <a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">❮</a> <a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">❯</a> <!-- 标题文本 --> <div class="caption-container"> <p id="caption"></p> </div> <!-- 缩略图图像控件 --> <div class="column"> <img class="demo" src="img1.jpg" onclick="currentSlide(1)" alt="Nature"> </div> <div class="column"> <img class="demo" src="img2.jpg" onclick="currentSlide(2)" alt="Snow"> </div> <div class="column"> <img class="demo" src="img3.jpg" onclick="currentSlide(3)" alt="Mountains"> </div> <div class="column"> <img class="demo" src="img4.jpg" onclick="currentSlide(4)" alt="Lights"> </div> </div> </div>
第二步 - 添加 CSS:
.row > .column { padding: 0 8px; } .row:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } /* 创建四个并排的相等列 */ .column { float: left; width: 25%; } /* 模态框(背景) */ .modal { display: none; position: fixed; z-index: 1; padding-top: 100px; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: auto; background-color: black; } /* 模态内容 */ .modal-content { position: relative; background-color: #fefefe; margin: auto; padding: 0; width: 90%; max-width: 1200px; } /* 关闭按钮 */ .close { color: white; position: absolute; top: 10px; right: 25px; font-size: 35px; font-weight: bold; } .close:hover, .close:focus { color: #999; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; } /* 默认隐藏幻灯片 */ .mySlides { display: none; } /* 下一个/上一个按钮 */ .prev, .next { cursor: pointer; position: absolute; top: 50%; width: auto; padding: 16px; margin-top: -50px; color: white; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; transition: 0.6s ease; border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0; user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; } /* 将“下一个按钮”置于右侧 */ .next { right: 0; border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px; } /* 鼠标悬停时,添加带有一点透明度的黑色背景色 */ .prev:hover, .next:hover { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); } /* 数字文本 (1/3 等) */ .numbertext { color: #f2f2f2; font-size: 12px; padding: 8px 12px; position: absolute; top: 0; } /* 标题文本 */ .caption-container { text-align: center; background-color: black; padding: 2px 16px; color: white; } img.demo { opacity: 0.6; } .active, .demo:hover { opacity: 1; } img.hover-shadow { transition: 0.3s; } .hover-shadow:hover { box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19); }
第三步 - 添加 JavaScript:
<script> // 打开模态框 function openModal() { document.getElementById("myModal").style.display = "block"; } // 关闭模态框 function closeModal() { document.getElementById("myModal").style.display = "none"; } var slideIndex = 1; showSlides(slideIndex); // 下一个/上一个控件 function plusSlides(n) { showSlides(slideIndex += n); } // 缩略图图像控件 function currentSlide(n) { showSlides(slideIndex = n); } function showSlides(n) { var i; var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides"); var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("demo"); var captionText = document.getElementById("caption"); if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1} if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length} for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) { slides[i].style.display = "none"; } for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) { dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", ""); } slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block"; dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active"; captionText.innerHTML = dots[slideIndex-1].alt; } </script>
相关页面
教程:如何创建模态
教程:如何创建幻灯片